Biological approach to understanding behaviour：練習問題

Which of the following terms describes the theory that specific parts of the brain are responsible for specific behaviors or cognitive processes?

In genetic research, what is the concordance rate?

In the study by Caspi et al. (2003) on the 5-HTT gene, what was the observed interaction between genetic variation and environmental factors in relation to depression?

Which of the following best describes the function of hormones in the human body?

What was the primary finding of Wedekind’s (1995) "sweaty t-shirt" study regarding Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes?

Identify and briefly describe the role of neurotransmitters in the transmission of signals between neurons as studied in the Biological approach to understanding behaviour.

Outline how neuroplasticity allows the brain to reorganize itself through the process of dendritic branching in response to environmental stimuli.

Explain why the vestigial nature of the vomeronasal organ (VNO) in humans is frequently cited as a methodological challenge to the validity of human pheromone research.

Part A: Define the term neurotransmission.
Part B: Using one specific example of a neurotransmitter (e.g., serotonin or dopamine), briefly explain how its levels in the brain can influence one specific human behaviour.

Part A: Explain the concept of neuroplasticity and distinguish between structural and functional plasticity.
Part B: Describe one study that demonstrates how environmental factors (such as poverty or enriched environments) can lead to changes in the brain's physical structure.
Part C: Discuss the extent to which the brain's ability to reorganize itself changes throughout the human lifespan.