Air quality ：練習問題

In Hong Kong, which index is used to inform the public about the health risks associated with current air pollution levels and provide health advice?

In the study of air quality, fine suspended particulates (\(\text{PM}_{2.5}\)) are considered particularly hazardous to human health. Which of the following best explains why these particles pose a greater risk than larger dust particles?

The Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) calculation involves measuring several pollutants. Which of the following sets contains only the pollutants typically used in such an index to assess health risks to the respiratory system?

Which of the following is a significant source of nitrogen oxides (\(\text{NO}_x\)), a common air pollutant found in modern urban environments?

In urban environments, nitrogen dioxide (\(\text{NO}_2\)) is a significant air pollutant. Which of the following correctly describes its primary source in cities and its effect on human health?

Name two common air pollutants that are frequently released into the atmosphere from the exhaust pipes of motor vehicles.

When the Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) reaches the Serious level, what specific advice is given to persons with existing heart or respiratory illnesses regarding their physical exertion?

If a city implements a policy to transition all buses from diesel to electric, how would this specifically affect the local air quality in terms of primary pollutants?

The Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) is used to communicate the health risks of air pollution to the public. Suppose a specific district records an AQHI level of 8 (Very High).

(a) Name two common air pollutants that are monitored to calculate the AQHI.
(b) Suggest the health advice that should be given to the general public and sensitive groups (such as children or the elderly) when the AQHI reaches this level.
(c) Identify one specific disease that is commonly associated with long-term exposure to poor air quality.

Suspended particulates are a major concern for urban air quality. A monitoring station collected data on \(\text{PM}_{10}\) levels over a week in a busy commercial district.

(a) What is meant by particulate matter, and name two major sources of particulates in a city?
(b) Why are fine suspended particulates (\(\text{PM}_{2.5}\)) considered more hazardous to human health than larger dust particles?
(c) Aside from the AQHI, suggest one method the government could use to reduce particulate emissions from the transport sector.