Human reproduction ：練習問題

In the human female reproductive system, what is the primary cause of menstruation if an egg cell is not fertilised?

Which statement correctly describes the function of the uterus during the reproductive process?

In the human female reproductive system, if a blockage occurs in both oviducts, which of the following processes would be directly prevented, thus leading to infertility?

In humans, how many sets of chromosomes does a zygote contain, and what is the resulting total number of chromosomes?

In the human male reproductive system, which structure is responsible for transporting sperm from the testes towards the urethra?

In the human female reproductive system, what is the name of the muscular tube that connects the cervix to the outside of the body and serves as the birth canal?

In the study of human reproduction, describe the biological purpose of menstruation and state what specifically happens to the lining of the uterus if an egg remains unfertilised.

Compare the distinct roles of the seminal vesicles and the prostate gland in the production of semen.

The female reproductive system contains several organs that are essential for the formation and development of a new life.

(a) Name the two almond-shaped organs that produce and release mature eggs. (1 point)

(b) State the specific function of the oviduct during the process of reproduction. (1 point)

(c) Name the muscular tube that connects the uterus to the outside of the body and receives sperm during intercourse. (1 point)

(d) If fertilisation does not occur, the thick lining of the uterus breaks down and is released from the body. What is the name of this process? (1 point)

Human reproduction relies on specialized cells and systems to ensure the survival of the species while maintaining genetic stability.
(a) Explain why it is biologically necessary for human gametes (sperm and ova) to contain only \( 23 \) chromosomes, rather than the \( 46 \) found in normal body cells. Relate this to the concept of constancy. (3 points)
(b) Describe the journey of a zygote from the moment of fertilization until implantation. In your answer, name the structure where fertilization occurs and the organ where implantation takes place. (3 points)
(c) Some birth control methods, such as condoms and diaphragms, are known as barrier methods. Explain how these methods prevent pregnancy based on the basic principles of birth control. (2 points)