Keeping our bodies healthy：練習問題

What is the primary role of the large intestine in the human digestive system?

Which of the following processes is an example of mechanical digestion in the human body?

The curriculum identifies several risk factors that can lead to the development of cancers. Which of the following correctly lists these factors?

In the unit Keeping our bodies healthy, which of the following is identified as a necessary requirement for maintaining a healthy lifestyle?

When planning a healthy lifestyle, which factor should be considered to determine the appropriate amount and intensity of physical activities for a person?

State one specific harmful effect of alcohol abuse on the human body, particularly concerning its impact on a person's reaction time or coordination.

During chemical digestion, complex food molecules are broken down by enzymes. Explain how these enzymes specifically facilitate the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine, and state the building block of lipids.

The small intestine is the main site for the absorption of digested food. Explain how its structure (specifically the presence of villi) relates to the efficiency of nutrient transport into the blood system, and state what happens to undigested material.

Alex is preparing for a series of physical fitness tests. He decides to focus strictly on a diet high in carbohydrates to maximize his energy levels, but he begins to feel physically exhausted and suffers from slow recovery after exercise.

(a) Identify the food substance Alex might be lacking that is specifically required for the growth and repair of body tissues. (1 point)

(b) If Alex continues to ignore the intake of dietary fibre, explain one negative effect this might have on his digestive system. (1 point)

(c) Apart from maintaining a balanced diet, name two other essential requirements for a healthy lifestyle that Alex should follow to keep his body in peak condition. (2 points)

Lifestyle choices, including diet and exercise, are critical for preventing non-infectious diseases.

(a) Define obesity in terms of Body Mass Index (BMI) and state the formula used to calculate it. (2 points)
(b) Using the formula, calculate the BMI of an individual with a mass of \( 90 \text{ kg} \) and a height of \( 1.8 \text{ m} \). (2 points)
(c) Explain how regular physical activity can help prevent the development of Type 2 diabetes and hypertension. (2 points)
(d) List two long-term health consequences of alcohol abuse on internal organs such as the liver. (2 points)