Organic chemistry：練習問題

Which of the following represents the functional group present in all carboxylic acids, such as ethanoic acid?

Ethanol for use as a biofuel is produced by the fermentation of plant materials. Which condition is essential for this process?

A student compares a \(0.1\text{ mol/dm}^{3}\) solution of ethanoic acid with a \(0.1\text{ mol/dm}^{3}\) solution of hydrochloric acid. Which of the following is correct for the ethanoic acid solution?

Which molecular formula belongs to a member of the alkene homologous series?

What gas is produced when an alcohol, such as ethanol, reacts with sodium metal?

Identify the functional group that is present in all alcohols, such as ethanol.

Describe the observed color change when bromine water is added to an unsaturated hydrocarbon like ethene.

Explain why thermosetting polymers do not melt when they are heated, whereas thermosoftening polymers do.

Crude oil is a mixture of many different hydrocarbons that can be separated by fractional distillation.

a. Name the physical property that allows these hydrocarbons to be separated.
b. In a fractionating column, state whether the temperature is higher at the top or the bottom.
c. Explain why larger molecules condense near the bottom of the column.

The diagram below shows the formation of a polymer from ethene monomers.

a. Name the type of polymerisation shown in the diagram.
b. Draw the repeating unit for the polymer poly(propene), starting from a propene monomer (\(C_{3}H_{6}\)).
c. Explain the term 'unsaturated' in relation to the monomer ethene.