HIV as an example of a human disease caused by a virus：練習問題

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is classified as a retrovirus. Which component of the HIV particle is responsible for the initial attachment to the host cell?

Which sequence of events correctly describes the replication of HIV after the viral contents have entered a CD4 helper T-cell?

During the replication cycle of HIV, the viral enzyme integrase plays a critical role. What is the specific function of this enzyme?

Explain why HIV is specifically able to bind to and enter CD4 helper T-cells but not other cell types like muscle cells.

Explain how protease inhibitors prevent the production of functional HIV particles and describe the impact this has on the viral life cycle.

Describe the specific role of the enzyme reverse transcriptase in the replication cycle of HIV.

Describe the structure of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and explain how the specific role of its surface glycoproteins allows the virus to infect only certain types of human cells.

HIV is a retrovirus that contains the enzyme reverse transcriptase.
(a) Describe the process catalyzed by reverse transcriptase once the viral RNA enters the host cell. (2 points)
(b) Explain the role of the enzyme integrase in the replication cycle of HIV. (2 points)
(c) Why is the integration of viral genetic material into the host chromosome a significant factor in the long-term nature of the infection? (2 points)