Memory：練習問題

Which feature correctly describes the primary type of coding used in the Short-Term Memory (STM) store, according to the Multi-Store Model of memory?

A police officer is interviewing a witness named Tariq using the cognitive interview technique. The officer asks Tariq to recall an incident by imagining what the scene looked like from the perspective of a cashier standing behind the counter.

Which standard cognitive interview principle is the officer applying?

Which of the following describes a core technique used in the Cognitive Interview (CI) designed by Fisher and Geiselman, and provides the best psychological justification for its use?

Which sub-component of the Working Memory Model was added by Baddeley in 2000 to act as a temporary, integrated store that links working memory to long-term memory?

A participant is instructed to track the path of a bouncing ball on a screen (a visual task) while simultaneously trying to accurately recall a list of words read aloud (a verbal task). Which two components of the Working Memory Model are being primarily utilised by these tasks?

What is meant by the term procedural memory?

Aamna witnessed a theft at a local store. Afterwards, she discussed the event with another witness, Nadir, who incorrectly mentioned that the thief was wearing a green jacket. In her police statement, Aamna also reported seeing a green jacket.
Using your knowledge of eyewitness testimony, identify and explain the psychological phenomenon responsible for Aamna's altered memory.

What is meant by a leading question in the context of eyewitness testimony?

According to the Working Memory Model (WMM) proposed by Baddeley and Hitch:

(a) Identify the two sub-components of the phonological loop.
(b) State the distinct function of each sub-component.

A researcher investigated the effects of misleading post-event information on the accuracy of eyewitness recall. Two groups of participants watched the same video clip of a car collision.

Group 1 was asked: "How fast were the cars going when they contacted each other?"
Group 2 was asked: "How fast were the cars going when they smashed into each other?"

(a) Identify the independent variable and dependent variable in this study.
(b) Using your knowledge of psychological explanations for misleading information, explain why Group 2 is likely to report a higher mean speed estimate than Group 1.