Anglo-Saxon England and the Anglo-Norman Kingdom, c1053–1106：練習問題

• a.To replace the barter system entirely in rural agricultural transactions across the Danelaw.
• b.To demonstrate the King's piety by featuring religious symbols that exempted the clergy from taxation.
• c.To allow the Earldoms to issue their own localized currency to fund the building of burhs.
• d.To provide a uniform currency that facilitated the collection of the geld and maintained royal control over the economy.

• a.It reunited England and Normandy under a single ruler, effectively reversing the division made after the death of William the Conqueror.
• b.It resulted in the signing of the Treaty of Dover, which established a permanent boundary between Maine and Normandy.
• c.It forced Robert Curthose to lead the First Crusade as a condition of his release from captivity.
• d.It marked the first time a Norman King used Anglo-Saxon shield-wall tactics to defeat a French cavalry charge.

• a.William officially renounced any future claims to the English throne in exchange for Harold’s support in Maine.
• b.Harold secured a military alliance with William to defeat the Welsh King Gruffudd ap Llywelyn.
• c.The Witan was formally informed of the embassy's success and ratified William as the designated heir.
• d.Harold reportedly swore a sacred oath on holy relics to support William of Normandy’s claim to the English throne.

• a.It led to the immediate deposition of Lanfranc and the restoration of Stigand to the Archbishopric of Canterbury.
• b.It resulted in the King of England losing all rights to receive homage from bishops for their secular estates.
• c.It moved beyond personal disputes over church lands to a formal legal debate regarding whether a secular monarch could bestow the symbols of spiritual office.
• d.It focused primarily on the payment of Peter’s Pence to Rome, which William Rufus had always supported.

• a.The Danish fleet under Cnut arrived too early and was defeated by the English navy before the Earls could mobilize.
• b.William had already abolished the feudal system, making it impossible for the Earls to call upon their knights.
• c.The rebels were primarily motivated by the restoration of the House of Godwin, which the English peasantry opposed.
• d.The lack of widespread English support and the prompt military action by regents like Lanfranc while William was in Normandy.

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