A2 Russia and the Soviet Union, 1905–24：練習問題

Which document, issued by Tsar Nicholas II in 1905, promised basic civil liberties and the creation of an elected legislative body called the Duma?

During the Russian Civil War, what major geographical and infrastructural advantage did the Bolshevik Red Army hold over the White forces?

Which factor was most important in the Bolshevik victory during the Russian Civil War (1918–21)?

Which naval vessel experienced a famous mutiny in June 1905 over poor conditions and rotten rations, highlighting unrest in the Russian armed forces?

What reform introduced under the New Economic Policy (NEP) in 1921 replaced the forced requisitioning of grain from peasants?

State one reason why the Provisional Government failed to maintain authority in Russia during \(1917\).

Why did the signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk pose a significant challenge to Bolshevik unity?

Identify the main feature of War Communism introduced by the Bolsheviks during the Civil War.

Russia and the Soviet Union, 1905–24

(a) Identify two reasons why the 1905 Revolution broke out in Russia.
(b) Describe two features of Stolypin’s land reforms between 1906 and 1911.
(c) Explain the importance of the October Manifesto in helping Nicholas II survive the 1905 Revolution.

How did the Bolsheviks manage to achieve victory in the Russian Civil War (1918–21)? Assess the importance of Leon Trotsky's leadership and the policy of War Communism.