Biology (9610) 試験対策

電卓プログラム

よくあるミス

1. 1high影響する配点: 2Living organisms vary

   Writing that standard deviations or standard errors 'overlap' as statistical proof, without explicitly stating the biological/statistical conclusion.

   回避方法: Always follow up the observation of overlapping standard deviations by stating: 'Therefore, there is no statistically significant difference between the means.'
2. 2high影響する配点: 3Cells and cell structure

   Failing to convert units (e.g. millimetres to micrometres) before performing magnification or cell size calculations.

   回避方法: Convert measurements taken with your ruler (in mm) to micrometres (μm) by multiplying by 1,000 before dividing by the real length of the cell or the scale bar value.
3. 3medium影響する配点: 2Respiration

   In respirometer questions, omitting the requirement of maintaining a constant temperature.

   回避方法: Always state that the respirometer must be kept in a thermostatically-controlled water bath because temperature fluctuations alter gas volume and pressure, affecting the readings.
4. 4medium影響する配点: 1Mass transport systems in plants

   Failing to cut the plant stem underwater when setting up a potometer.

   回避方法: Specify that the stem must be cut underwater to prevent air bubbles from entering the xylem and creating air locks that block water transport.
5. 5medium影響する配点: 2The diversity of living organisms

   In chromatography, drawing the starting line in ink or placing the line below the solvent level.

   回避方法: Always draw the starting line in pencil (as graphite is insoluble) and ensure it sits above the solvent level so the pigments do not dissolve directly into the solvent reservoir.
6. 6high影響する配点: 1Respiration

   Stating that respiration 'produces energy' or 'creates energy' in essay responses.

   回避方法: Use accurate scientific terminology: respiration releases energy to generate ATP, or couples metabolic reactions to produce ATP.
7. 7medium影響する配点: 1Gas exchange and the transport of oxygen in living organisms

   Referring to competitive inhibitors of haemoglobin (like carbon monoxide) binding to the 'active site'.

   回避方法: Haemoglobin is a transport protein, not an enzyme. Clarify that carbon monoxide binds to the haem/oxygen-binding sites, not an active site.
8. 8medium影響する配点: 2Inheritance

   In genetic cross diagrams, failing to associate offspring genotypes with their corresponding phenotypes.

   回避方法: Always write down the phenotype underneath every single genotype in your Punnett square/diagram, and write the final phenotypic ratio clearly.