Software Development：练习题

A software developer is choosing a development model for a project where requirements are expected to change frequently and the customer needs to see working versions of the software quickly. Which lifecycle model is most appropriate?

In the context of the Program Development Life Cycle, which type of maintenance is specifically performed to add new features or enhance the functionality of a system based on user requests after the system is in operation?

Which type of testing is typically performed by the end-user in their own environment to ensure the software meets their business requirements before it is formally signed off?

A programmer is developing a module and needs to ensure that the logic is correct before integrating it with other modules. Which testing method involves testing the internal logical paths of the module code itself, often by the developer?

In the Program Development Life Cycle (PDLC), which stage involves identifying the precise requirements of the system and the constraints under which it must operate?

State the type of program error that occurs when source code violates the grammatical rules of the programming language and prevents compilation.

Distinguish between alpha testing and beta testing with reference to who performs the testing and the environment in which it takes place.

Consider a situation where a program is supposed to output the first 10 prime numbers, but it enters an infinite loop and eventually crashes due to memory exhaustion. Identify the type of error occurring during execution and explain why it is not classified as a syntax error.

A software development team is reviewing different methodologies for an upcoming project.

(a) Describe two distinct characteristics of the Iterative model of the program development life cycle.
(b) State one advantage and one disadvantage of using the Iterative model compared to the traditional Waterfall model.

Structure charts are used in program design to represent modular decomposition.

(a) Describe how a structure chart depicts the hierarchical relationship between a calling module and a called module.
(b) Explain the symbol used to denote selection (conditional execution) of a module in a structure chart.
(c) Explain the symbol used to denote iteration (repeated execution) of a module in a structure chart.
(d) State the difference between an arrow with an open circle and an arrow with a solid (filled) circle used on connection lines between modules.