Elements of a crime：练习题

• a.

  Recklessness

• b.

  Omission

• c.

  Causation

• d.

  Novus actus interveniens

• a.The only cause of the prohibited consequence.
• b.The very first event in the chronological chain of events.
• c.An operating and substantial cause of the consequence.
• d.A minor or trivial contribution to the end result.

• a.The Miller principle for omissions.
• b.The Woollin test for oblique intent.
• c.The Cunningham recklessness test.
• d.The 'thin skull' rule.

• a.

  The specific intent to cause a prohibited consequence.

• b.

  The legal justification for committing an illegal act.

• c.

  The physical or conduct element of a crime.

• d.

  The mental element or state of mind of the defendant.

• a.

  The principle that the defendant must take their victim as they find them.

• b.

  An intervening act that breaks the chain of causation.

• c.

  The mental state required for a crime of omission.

• d.

  The physical act that completes the crime.

先自己写一遍答案，再对照解题步骤。