Variety of living organisms：练习题

Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus that infects the immune system in humans?

Which statement correctly describes a structural difference between plants and animals?

Which of the following is an example of a pathogenic protoctist mentioned in the syllabus that is responsible for causing malaria?

What is the typical shape of the bacterium Pneumococcus, which acts as a pathogen causing pneumonia?

Which of the following is a structural feature commonly found in bacterial cells that consists of a small, circular piece of DNA separate from the main chromosome?

What is meant by the term pathogen, and which four groups of organisms can include pathogenic species?

Distinguish between the cellular features of the protoctists Amoeba and Chlorella.

Explain how the mycelium structure of a multicellular fungus is adapted to its method of nutrition.

Protoctists are often described as a 'dustbin' kingdom because they are so diverse.
(a) Name a protoctist that lives in pond water and has features similar to an animal cell. (1)
(b) Chlorella is a protoctist that possesses a specific organelle not found in Amoeba. Name this organelle. (1)
(c) Plasmodium is a pathogenic protoctist. Name the disease it is responsible for causing. (1)
(d) State whether all protoctists are multicellular or single-celled. (1)

Viruses are unique particles that differ significantly from living cells.
(a) Describe two structural components that make up a virus particle. (2)
(b) Explain why viruses can only reproduce inside the cells of other living organisms. (1)
(c) Give the full name of the virus that causes 'flu'. (1)