IB DP · 考试技巧

Geography 考试技巧

Mastering IB DP Geography requires an absolute command of precise spatial vocabulary, critical interpretation of visual data, and the ability to synthesize multi-scalar factors. High scorers succeed by constructing balanced, stakeholder-focused evaluations and avoiding common misconceptions like conflating HYVs with GMOs or presenting generic, descriptive case studies.

阅读时间 4 分钟更新于: 2026年6月21日

试卷概览

卷数
2
总分
90
考试时间
2小时 45分钟
题型
3
试卷时间分数题数比重题型
Paper 1: Geographic Options (SL and HL)1小时 30分钟401235%Short Answer Data/Map Extract, Outline Features/Reasons, Explain Challenges, Long-Form Evaluative Essay
Paper 2: Global Core (SL and HL)1小时 15分钟501440%Describe Pattern, Suggest/Explain Core Concepts, Data Extract / Direction, Suggest/Explain Photo Evidence, To What Extent Synthesis, To What Extent Core Essay
评级
Grade 1 (Very Poor)Grade 2 (Poor)Grade 3 (Mediocre)Grade 4 (Satisfactory)Grade 5 (Good)Grade 6 (Very Good)Grade 7 (Excellent)
计算器规定

A graphic display calculator (GDC) from the IB-approved list is required for most Mathematics and Sciences papers and must be set to examination mode. Note that some papers do not permit a calculator (for example Mathematics Paper 1 and the multiple-choice Sciences Paper 1).

  • AO1: Knowledge and understanding of specified content (30%)
  • AO2: Application and analysis of knowledge and understanding (30%)
  • AO3: Synthesis and evaluation (20%)
  • AO4: Selection, use and application of a variety of appropriate skills and techniques (20%)

根据历届试题与评分标准整理（2023–2025）。

计算器程序

Graph: zeros, intersections & turning points

Graphical calculator / GDC (exam mode)

用途: Plot a function to read its roots (zeros), points of intersection, and maxima/minima.

使用时机: Checking solutions, sketching, or solving where an analytic method is hard.

步骤
Graph the function(s) and use the built-in zero, intersect and maximum/minimum tools.

考试提示: Use a GDC from the IB-approved list in examination mode. Some papers do not permit a calculator. Always show your reasoning.

Numerical equation solver

Graphical calculator / GDC (exam mode)

用途: Solve an equation or find a variable numerically when an algebraic route is long or implicit.

使用时机: Iterative or implicit equations, or to confirm an algebraic solution.

步骤
Use the equation/zero solver, entering the equation and a sensible starting estimate.

考试提示: Use a GDC from the IB-approved list in examination mode. Some papers do not permit a calculator. Always show your reasoning.

Numerical integration & differentiation

Graphical calculator / GDC (exam mode)

用途: Evaluate a definite integral \(\int_a^b f(x)\,dx\) or a gradient \(f'(x)\) at a point.

使用时机: Checking calculus answers, or where only a numerical value is needed.

步骤
Use the GDC's numeric integral / derivative function with the limits or the point.

考试提示: Use a GDC from the IB-approved list in examination mode. Some papers do not permit a calculator. Always show your reasoning.

Statistics & probability distributions

Graphical calculator / GDC (exam mode)

用途: 1-var/2-var statistics, linear regression, and cumulative binomial / normal / Poisson probabilities without tables.

使用时机: Statistics questions and hypothesis tests.

步骤
Enter data in the statistics editor, or use the distribution menu (binomial cdf, normal cdf, …).

考试提示: Use a GDC from the IB-approved list in examination mode. Some papers do not permit a calculator. Always show your reasoning.

常见错误

  1. 1high涉及分数: 2Food and health

    Treating High-Yielding Varieties (HYV) of agricultural crops (such as IR8 rice) as genetically modified organisms (GMOs).

    如何避免: Distinguish between conventional hybrid breeding (HYVs) and laboratory genetic engineering (GMOs). HYVs are developed via selective cross-breeding, whereas GMOs involve direct gene splicing.
  2. 2medium涉及分数: 1Global resource consumption and security

    Failing to recognize logarithmic scales on resource booklet data stimulus graphs, leading to wildly inaccurate values.

    如何避免: Before reading any data points, check the axes. If the interval increments change by factors of 10 (e.g., 0.1, 1, 10, 100), it is logarithmic, and estimations must be scaled accordingly.
  3. 3high涉及分数: 4Global climate—vulnerability and resilience

    Writing a purely descriptive, one-sided response to 'To what extent' questions in Paper 2 Section B and Section C.

    如何避免: Always structure a balanced, two-sided argument. Address factors that support the prompt, analyze alternative arguments (human vs. physical, or global vs. local), and write a substantiated concluding judgment.
  4. 4medium涉及分数: 2Population distribution—changing population

    Quoting raw percentage or population data directly from Section B infographics without explaining their geographical context or causal significance.

    如何避免: Do not just transcribe numbers. Pair every cited statistic with a geographical explanation (e.g., link rapid population growth to growing infrastructural pressures on clean water delivery systems).
  5. 5medium涉及分数: 3Human development and diversity

    Conflating civil society organizations (CSOs) or non-governmental organizations (NGOs) with government departments and MGOs.

    如何避免: Clearly define your actors. CSOs (like local community groups or charities) operate independently of state command, while government departments and MGOs (like the UN, OPEC, or IMF) wield sovereign or inter-state authority.
  6. 6high涉及分数: 1Freshwater

    Omitting a logical overall appraisal of the provided infographic at the end of Paper 2 Section B Q4(c).

    如何避免: Ensure your final paragraph explicitly weighs up the infographic as a whole, determining the overall validity, limitations, and balance of the evidence presented.
  7. 7medium涉及分数: 2Population distribution—changing population

    Confusing demographic characteristics with general population metrics when responding to population policy or distribution prompts.

    如何避免: Ensure you focus on age profiles, gender ratios, marital status, and migration status rather than simple, generic metrics like overall population growth or total spatial density.

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