Monomers and polymers：練習題

A condensation reaction between two monosaccharides results in the formation of a disaccharide and the elimination of a water molecule. Which of the following correctly identifies the bond formed between the two monomers?

A specific chemical reaction involves the use of a water molecule to break a glycosidic bond between two glucose units. Which of the following terms correctly identifies this reaction and its characteristic?

A scientist hydrolyses a purified sample of a biological polymer. The resulting monomers are found to all have the general formula \( C_{n}(H_{2}O)_{n} \). Which of the following was the most likely original polymer?

Which of the following is a monomer that serves as the building block for a polymer used to carry genetic information in all living cells?

Many biological molecules are polymers. Which of the following statements correctly describes a hydrolysis reaction?

Define the term monomer and state one specific example of a monomer found in nucleic acids.

Describe the chemical difference between a condensation reaction and a hydrolysis reaction, specifically identifying the molecule eliminated or used and the type of bond formed between two amino acids.

Compare and contrast the biochemical basis of life in terms of monomers and polymers across different species, and explain how this provides evidence for evolution.

Biological molecules such as carbohydrates and proteins are often constructed from smaller units.

a) Define the term monomer.
b) Name the monomers from which a molecule of maltose is made.
c) Name the type of chemical reaction that joins these monomers together and identify the small molecule produced during this process.

The structure of biological polymers is determined by the properties of their monomers and the reactions that join them.

a) Complete the following table by identifying the missing monomer or polymer:
i. Monomer: Amino acid; Polymer: ____________
ii. Monomer: ____________; Polymer: RNA
b) Compare and contrast condensation and hydrolysis reactions in terms of water and chemical bonds.
c) Explain how a single change in a monomer sequence could potentially change the function of a protein polymer.