Carboxylic acids：練習題

Which functional group is present in all members of the carboxylic acid homologous series?

What are the products of the reaction between ethanoic acid and sodium carbonate?

Magnesium reacts with ethanoic acid according to the equation:
\(\text{Mg(s)} + 2\text{CH}_3\text{COOH(aq)} \rightarrow (\text{CH}_3\text{COO})_2\text{Mg(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{(g)}\)
If \(\text{0.1 mol}\) of magnesium ribbon is added to an excess of ethanoic acid, what volume of hydrogen gas is produced at r.t.p.?

An ester is named methyl propanoate. Which pair of reactants is used to produce this ester in the presence of an acid catalyst?

Two solutions, \(\text{X}\) and \(\text{Y}\), have the same concentration of \(\text{0.1 mol/dm}^3\). Solution \(\text{X}\) is aqueous ethanoic acid and solution \(\text{Y}\) is aqueous hydrochloric acid. Which statement about these solutions is correct?

Name the organic salt and the gas produced when ethanoic acid reacts with sodium carbonate.

Write the chemical formula for the salt produced when magnesium metal reacts with ethanoic acid.

Ethanoic acid, \(\text{CH}_3\text{COOH}\) , is an important organic compound.

(a) Describe how ethanoic acid can be formed from ethanol, \(\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{OH}\) , using an oxidising agent. State the necessary conditions for this reaction.

(b) Ethanoic acid can also react with ethanol to form an ester. This reaction requires specific conditions.

(i) Name the ester formed in this reaction.

(ii) State the conditions required for the reaction between ethanoic acid and ethanol to form the ester.

(iii) Draw the displayed formula of the ester named in (b)(i).

Propanoic acid, \(\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{COOH}\) , is a member of the carboxylic acid homologous series.

(a) Write a balanced chemical equation, including state symbols, for the reaction between propanoic acid and aqueous potassium hydroxide.

(b) Propanoic acid can react with butan-1-ol in the presence of an acid catalyst.

(i) Name the organic product formed from this reaction.

(ii) Draw the displayed formula of the organic product named in (b)(i).

(c) For carboxylic acids, describe the general trend in:

(i) solubility in water as the number of carbon atoms in the carbon chain increases.

(ii) boiling point as the number of carbon atoms in the carbon chain increases.