Were the revolutions of 1848 important?：練習題

• a.A unified German state with a liberal constitution.
• b.The complete abolition of private property and the rise of socialism.
• c.A military alliance between Prussia and the Russian Empire.
• d.The restoration of absolute monarchy under the Austrian Emperor.

• a.To establish Hungarian regional autonomy and representative government while remaining under the Habsburg crown.
• b.To invite Russian intervention to stabilize the borders of the empire.
• c.To ban the use of the Hungarian language in official government business.
• d.To immediately declare a socialist republic independent of all monarchical ties.

• a.Ethnic tensions between minority groups (such as Croats and Hungarians) allowed the Habsburgs to 'divide and rule,' using one group to suppress another.
• b.The Habsburgs voluntarily granted independence to all ethnic regions, which removed the incentive for further revolution.
• c.The various ethnic groups were so united that they forgot to focus on necessary economic reforms.
• d.Nationalism was entirely absent, and the revolts were motivated solely by a desire for a unified European state.

• a.Berlin
• b.Milan
• c.Paris
• d.London

• a.He felt that the crown should instead be offered to the Austrian Emperor to maintain the balance of power.
• b.He was secretly an ally of the French Republic and did not want to upset Napoleon III.
• c.The Frankfurt Parliament demanded that Prussia abolish its military as a condition of the crown.
• d.He believed in the 'divine right of kings' and would not accept a crown 'from the gutter' offered by a popularly elected assembly.

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