Components of ecosystems：練習題

In marine ecology, what term correctly defines a population?

A population of snappers in a coral reef experiences a significant decrease in the number of sharks (predators) and an increase in the availability of small crustaceans (food). What is the most likely effect on the snapper population growth rate?

Which set of features correctly distinguishes a muddy shore from a sandy shore?

Which of the following is the correct definition of an ecosystem as used in marine ecology?

According to the biological species concept, what is the defining characteristic of a species?

In ecological terms, what does the term habitat describe regarding a marine organism?

Identify two biotic factors that can limit the rate of population growth for a group of marine organisms.

Explain how run-off from land contributes to the higher productivity often seen in coastal ecosystems compared to the open ocean.

(a) Define the ecological term population and state two factors that can limit the rate of growth of a population of marine organisms.
(b) Explain why coastal ecosystems, such as mangrove forests, typically exhibit higher primary productivity compared to the open-ocean ecosystem.

(a) Distinguish between the ecological terms community and ecosystem.
(b) Explain why coastal ecosystems, such as mangrove forests, are more susceptible to the impacts of human activities than the open-ocean ecosystem.
(c) For a population of coral polyps, explain how one biotic factor and one abiotic factor could limit the rate of its population growth.