Hydrocarbons: alkanes and alkenes (AS)：練習題

In the free-radical substitution of an alkane with a halogen, which type of step involves the collision of two radicals to form a stable non-radical molecule?

Which of the following alkenes can exist as a pair of cis-trans isomers?

An alkene with the molecular formula \(C_6H_{12}\) reacts with hot concentrated acidified potassium manganate(VII) to produce only propanone. What is the systematic name of this alkene?

What is the specific type of reaction that occurs when propene reacts with gaseous hydrogen chloride at room temperature to form 2-chloropropane?

When 2-methylbut-2-ene is heated with hot, concentrated, acidified potassium manganate(VII), the carbon-carbon double bond ruptures. Which two organic products are formed in this reaction?

What is the name of the mechanism involved when ethane reacts with chlorine gas in the presence of ultraviolet light?

Identify the two organic products formed when pent-2-ene is reacted with hot, concentrated, acidified \( \text{KMnO}_4 \).

Name the type of reaction that occurs when bromine, \( \text{Br}_2 \), reacts with ethene, \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_4 \).

Alkylbenzenes can be oxidized to form carboxylic acids under specific conditions.
(a) Identify the reagents and conditions required for the complete oxidation of the methyl group in methylbenzene.
(b) State the IUPAC name of the organic product formed when methylbenzene is heated under reflux with alkaline \( \text{KMnO}_4 \) followed by acidification.

Propene reacts with hydrogen bromide, \( \text{HBr} \), via an electrophilic addition mechanism.
(a) Describe the first step of this mechanism, clearly identifying the species that acts as the electrophile.
(b) Draw the structures of the two possible carbocation intermediates that could be formed.
(c) Using the concept of the inductive effect of alkyl groups, explain why one carbocation is more stable than the other.