運動中的群體與團隊動力：練習題

In the context of Tuckman's stages of group development, which stage is primarily characterized by the team working as a unit without conflict, having a clear structure, and focusing on achieving their common goal?

A coach observes that a group of elite rowers is producing less power per person than when they row individually. Following Steiner's model of group effectiveness, which factor relates to the lack of synchronisation between the rowers' strokes?

A rowing coxswain notices that the crew's total power output is significantly less than the sum of the individuals' capabilities. According to Steiner's model, the crew is experiencing a coordination loss. Which scenario represents this specific type of faulty process?

A coach observes a swimming relay team and notices that as the number of swimmers in the group increases, the individual effort levels of each athlete decrease. According to the Ringelmann effect, what is the primary cause for this loss of performance?

Using Steiner’s model of group effectiveness, which of the following variables specifically accounts for a reduction in group performance due to the faulty timing of player movements or poor spatial coordination within a rugby team?

A coach observes that in a synchronized swimming duo, the total scored performance is slightly less than the sum of their individual potential scores. Identify the two specific types of losses described in Steiner’s model of group effectiveness that explain this discrepancy.

Evaluate the impact of the Ringelmann effect on a tug-of-war team, and describe one strategy a coach could use to reduce the occurrence of social loafing in this context.

An elite rowing eight is currently in the storming stage of group development. Evaluate how the transition to the norming stage affects the group’s cohesion and describe the role of social stability in facilitating this shift.

Using Steiner's model of group effectiveness, evaluate how a professional rugby team might experience a decline in actual productivity despite having players with high individual skill levels.

(a) State Steiner's equation and identify the two main categories of 'faulty processes' that contribute to process losses.
(b) Using a sporting example, explain how coordination losses specifically differ from motivation losses.
(c) Suggest three practical coaching strategies that could be implemented to reduce the occurrence of social loafing within the squad.

Using Steiner’s model of group effectiveness, analyse the factors that can lead to a decrease in performance for a rowing crew.

(a) State the equation for Steiner’s model.
(b) Explain the difference between coordination losses and motivation losses.
(c) Define the Ringelmann effect and suggest one strategy a coach could use to reduce social loafing within the team.