2023 CCEA GCSE Leisure, Travel and Tourism 0004 模擬試題連答案詳解

Three different components of the leisure industry shown in Fig. 1 are:
- Sport and physical recreation, for example the swimming pool, indoor climbing wall or five-a-side football pitches.
- Catering facilities, for example the cafe.
- Children's play facilities, for example the soft play area.
(Arts and entertainment, represented by the cinema screens, would also be an acceptable fourth example.)

(3 x [1]) [3]: one mark for each correctly identified component of the leisure industry with a matching, correctly categorised example from Fig. 1 (any three of: sport and physical recreation; catering; children's play; arts and entertainment).

Advantage 1: Public sector leisure centres are typically funded and subsidised by the council rather than needing to make a profit, so admission and membership prices can be kept lower than a private facility would charge. This makes the centre more accessible to people on lower incomes, helping more of the local community to benefit from it.
Advantage 2: Because a public sector facility is not driven primarily by profit, the council can prioritise sessions and services that meet wider social objectives, such as subsidised swimming lessons for children, sessions for older people, or facilities adapted for people with disabilities, even if these are less profitable than sessions a private operator might prefer to run instead.

[1] for identifying a relevant advantage, [2] for a developed explanation of that advantage that clearly links it to the public sector context (repeated for a second, different advantage). Award up to (2 x [3]) [6].

1. A local council-run leisure centre (sport and physical recreation) - offering facilities such as a swimming pool, gym and fitness classes that the whole family can use.
2. The Ulster Museum (arts and entertainment) - offering exhibitions, historical displays and educational activities that appeal to visitors of different ages.
3. A forest park, such as Colin Glen Forest Park (countryside recreation) - offering walking and cycling trails, and outdoor space for the family to enjoy nature-based activities.
4. A local skate park (children's play) - a free, purpose-built outdoor space where children and teenagers in the family can skateboard, scoot or cycle.

(4 x [2]) [8]: for each of four organisations from four different components of the leisure industry, award [1] for correct identification of a plausible named or generic organisation with its correct component, and [1] for a relevant description of what it offers. Accept any correctly matched organisation/component pairing, not only the examples shown.

Domestic tourism is when people travel within their own country, rather than to another country, for leisure or tourism purposes, for example a family from Belfast taking a holiday in Donegal.

[1] for a basic reference to travelling within one's own country; [2] for a sound, complete definition that also references the leisure/tourism purpose of the travel.

Watching television at home: passive (the person is not physically exerting themselves) and indoor.
Hillwalking in a country park: active (physical exertion is involved) and outdoor.
Playing squash at a leisure centre: active (physical exertion is involved) and indoor (played on an indoor court).

(6 x [1]) [6]: one mark for each correct classification cell (two classifications for each of the three activities).

(a) The Northern Ireland student leaving Northern Ireland to travel to Spain is an example of outbound tourism.
(b) The Spanish family travelling to Northern Ireland, which is not their home country, is an example of inbound tourism (for Northern Ireland).

[1] for correctly identifying (a) as outbound tourism; [1] for correctly identifying (b) as inbound tourism.

Way 1: The tour operator could select accommodation that is adults-only, or a smaller boutique-style hotel rather than a large family resort, so that the couple are not disturbed by children's entertainment or family-focused activities, allowing them the peaceful, romantic setting this customer type is looking for.
Way 2: The tour operator could design the package with a flexible, unstructured itinerary rather than a packed schedule of group activities, and could offer optional extras such as private candlelit dinners, couples' spa treatments or sunset excursions, giving the couple control over how they spend their time together.

[1] for identifying a relevant way, [2] for a developed explanation clearly linking it to the needs of the 'time together' customer type (repeated for a second, different way). Award up to (2 x [3]) [6].

Age group: A family with young children is likely to choose leisure activities that are suitable for their children's age, such as soft play centres or theme parks with rides for younger visitors, rather than activities aimed at older age groups; age group therefore significantly shapes which activities are realistic and appealing options for the whole family.
Cost: Families on a limited budget may be restricted to free or low-cost leisure activities, such as a local park or countryside walk, rather than more expensive options like a theme park or overseas trip, even if the more expensive option would otherwise be preferred; cost is therefore often a determining, rather than just influencing, factor.
Availability of facilities: A family's choice is also limited by what facilities actually exist within a reasonable distance of their home. For example, a family living in a rural area far from a leisure centre or cinema may be more likely to choose outdoor, countryside-based activities simply because indoor facilities are not locally available to them, regardless of personal preference.

Level 1 ([1]-[3]): Basic knowledge; factors identified with little or no discussion; limited development.
Level 2 ([4]-[6]): Sound knowledge; clear explanation of at least two factors with relevant, contextualised detail; satisfactory use of specialist vocabulary.
Level 3 ([7]-[9]): Detailed knowledge and thorough discussion of all three factors, each clearly linked to the family context with developed reasoning; confident use of specialist vocabulary throughout.

A: Aparthotel - apartment-style accommodation with kitchen facilities combined with hotel services.
B: Farmhouse guest accommodation (bed and breakfast) - a small number of guest bedrooms on a working farm, with breakfast included.
C: Holiday park - a purpose-built site offering static caravans and glamping pods.
D: Hostel - budget shared or private rooms, popular with backpackers and young travellers.

(4 x [1]) [4]: one mark for each correctly identified accommodation type (A: aparthotel; B: farmhouse/guest accommodation/bed and breakfast; C: holiday park; D: hostel).

Family fun: Holidaymakers in the 'family fun' customer type need accommodation and facilities suitable for all ages in the family, such as family or interconnecting rooms, kids' clubs and childcare facilities, shallow swimming pools and children's menus in restaurants. They also expect entertainment programmes aimed at children and good safety standards throughout the resort.
Mature cosmopolitan: Holidaymakers in the 'mature cosmopolitan' customer type are typically older, more experienced travellers who want to explore culture, history and different cuisines. They expect knowledgeable tour guides, a range of excursions to places of historic or cultural interest, comfortable (though not necessarily luxury) accommodation, and good-quality food reflecting local culture, generally within a calmer, less hectic environment than a family resort.

[1] for basic identification of a relevant need, [2] for adequate description, [3] for a detailed, contextualised description of the needs of that customer type (repeated for the second customer type). Award up to (2 x [3]) [6].

Relaxation: Many people use leisure and tourism facilities, such as spas, beaches or countryside retreats, specifically to relax and escape the stress of everyday work or home life, giving them time to unwind both physically and mentally.
Health and well-being: People also use facilities such as gyms, swimming pools and leisure centres to improve or maintain their physical fitness and overall health, recognising the well-established links between regular exercise and both physical and mental well-being.
Learning or skills improvement: Some people use leisure and tourism facilities in order to learn something new or improve an existing skill, for example attending a cookery course while on holiday, visiting a museum to learn about history, or taking lessons at a ski centre to improve their skiing technique.

[1] for a basic identification of the reason, [2] for identification with limited description, [3] for a detailed, contextualised description including a specific relevant example (repeated for each of the three headings). Award up to (3 x [3]) [9].

When selecting accommodation for a group of six friends on a city break, a tour operator should consider accommodation that allows the group to stay together and socialise easily, such as a large self-catering apartment with multiple bedrooms, or a block of adjoining or nearby hotel rooms; this also allows costs to be shared more easily between the group, which is often a priority for younger friendship groups. A central location, within walking distance of the city's nightlife, restaurants and main attractions, would also suit this customer type well, since city breaks with friends are typically focused on exploring bars, restaurants and entertainment rather than relaxing within the accommodation itself.
In terms of board type, bed and breakfast or self-catering would likely be more suitable than all-inclusive, since a group of friends on a city break usually wants the freedom to try different local restaurants, cafes and bars each evening rather than being tied to eating and drinking at a single hotel; self-catering can also help keep costs down for a group that may be on a tighter, shared budget, while still giving the flexibility to eat out when they choose.

Level 1 ([1]-[2]): Basic knowledge of accommodation/board types; limited application to the group; answer largely a list; basic QWC.
Level 2 ([3]-[4]): Sound knowledge and understanding; clear explanation with reference to the group's needs (e.g. socialising, sharing cost, location); satisfactory QWC.
Level 3 ([5]-[6]): Detailed knowledge and thorough analysis of both accommodation and board type, explicitly linked to this group's needs and expectations; confident use of specialist vocabulary; high standard of QWC.

- Climate: around 300 days of sunshine a year.
- Natural attraction: the long sandy beach.
- Built attraction: the 16th-century fort.
- Food, drink and entertainment: the promenade lined with seafood restaurants and bars.

(4 x [1]) [4]: one mark for each correctly identified feature matched to its correct category of appeal (climate; natural attraction; built attraction; food, drink and entertainment).

Tour operator: an individual or organisation that has contacts with hoteliers, airlines and transport providers and combines their services into a package, which is sold directly to customers or through a travel agent.
Travel agent: an individual or company that sells a range of holidays and travel products to customers, often on behalf of tour operators, in exchange for commission.
Online travel agency: an online travel service that offers comprehensive travel options and booking facilities directly to customers over the internet, without necessarily using a high-street shop.

[1] for each correct, accurate definition, up to (3 x [1]) [3].

ABTA is a trade association for travel agents and tour operators, which sets standards of practice its members must follow and provides a code of conduct designed to protect customers. Its role is important to customers because, if something goes wrong with their booking, such as a dispute over the standard of a holiday, they can use ABTA's complaints and arbitration scheme to help resolve the issue, giving them extra confidence and protection when booking through an ABTA member.
ATOL is a UK government-backed licensing scheme that flight-inclusive package holiday providers must hold. Its role is important because it protects customers' money if the travel company they have booked with ceases trading before or during their holiday: ATOL protection means customers are entitled to a refund if this happens before travel, or, if it happens while they are already abroad, ATOL will arrange for them to continue their holiday and be flown home (repatriated) at no extra cost. Together, ABTA and ATOL give customers greater financial security and peace of mind when booking a package holiday.

Level 1 ([1]-[2]): Basic knowledge of ABTA and/or ATOL; limited explanation of role/importance; basic QWC.
Level 2 ([3]-[4]): Sound knowledge and understanding of both ABTA and ATOL; clear explanation of their importance to customers; satisfactory QWC.
Level 3 ([5]-[6]): Detailed knowledge and understanding of both ABTA and ATOL; thorough explanation of their importance, including specific reference to customer protection/financial security; confident use of specialist vocabulary; high standard of QWC.

Inbound tourism refers to people coming into a country, from their home country or from another country, to visit for leisure or tourism purposes, for example an American tourist visiting Northern Ireland.

[1] for a basic reference to people coming into a country; [2] for a sound, complete definition that also references the leisure/tourism purpose of the visit.

(a) Air travel, at 78%, was used by the clear majority of UK holidaymakers.
(b) Sea (12%) + Channel Tunnel/rail (7%) = 19%.
(c) Air travel is generally much faster than other modes for reaching overseas destinations, especially those that are a long distance from the UK or not easily reachable by road, rail or sea; as the UK is an island, flying is often the most convenient and time-efficient option for travelling abroad, particularly for destinations beyond continental Europe.

(a) [1] for 'air'.
(b) [1] for 19% (accept correct working even if final figure has an arithmetic slip, provided method is shown: 12+7).
(c) [1] for a basic relevant reason (e.g. 'it is faster'); [2] for a developed reason clearly explaining why speed/convenience matters for UK holidaymakers (e.g. reference to the UK's island location or long-distance destinations).

A fly-drive holiday is a holiday in which the customer flies to their destination and then hires a car on arrival, giving them the freedom to drive themselves around the destination during their stay, rather than relying on public transport, transfers or an organised tour.

[1] for a basic reference to flying and hiring a car; [2] for a full, accurate explanation covering both elements (flying to the destination, then self-driving using a hire car).

Road (chartered coach company): National Express.
Rail (international rail operator): Eurostar.
Air (long-haul scheduled airline): British Airways (or any other genuine long-haul scheduled airline, e.g. Virgin Atlantic).

(3 x [1]) [3]: one mark for each correct, genuine, appropriately categorised named transport provider.

Age group: The ages of the family's children will strongly influence which activities and destinations are realistic choices, for example a family with very young children may avoid activities involving long queues or extreme adventure sports, and instead choose destinations and activities with facilities aimed at young families, such as shallow pools or kids' clubs.
Friends and family: The family's choice may be influenced by recommendations, or even joint travel plans, with friends or extended family; for example, if grandparents or cousins are travelling to a particular destination or a friend recommends an activity they enjoyed, the family may be more likely to choose the same or a similar option, both for social reasons and to benefit from shared local knowledge.
Availability of transport: The family's choice will also be limited by the transport options actually available to them; for example, if there is no direct flight or convenient rail/ferry connection to a particular destination from their local area, the family may choose a different, more accessible destination instead, even if their first choice would otherwise have been preferred.

Level 1 ([1]-[3]): Basic knowledge; factors identified with little discussion; limited development.
Level 2 ([4]-[6]): Sound knowledge; clear explanation of at least two factors with relevant, contextualised detail; satisfactory use of specialist vocabulary.
Level 3 ([7]-[9]): Detailed knowledge and thorough explanation of all three factors, each clearly linked to the family context with developed reasoning; confident use of specialist vocabulary throughout.