Cambridge IGCSE · Biology (0610)

Chromosomes, genes and proteins: Practice Questions

5 multiple-choice questions marked as you go, and 5 written questions with worked solutions. All on Chromosomes, genes and proteins.

10 questions24 marksFree, no account

Question 1

1 mark

Which combination of sex chromosomes is normally found in the body cells of a female human?

Question 2

1 mark

What is the correct pathway for protein synthesis within a cell?

Question 3

1 mark

Which statement best explains how DNA controls cell function?

Question 4

1 mark

In a molecule of DNA, which base always pairs with Guanine (G)?

Question 5

1 mark

What determines the specific sequence of amino acids used to build a protein during translation?

Question 6

2 marks

Define the term gene.

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Question 7

3 marks

Describe the difference between a haploid nucleus and a diploid nucleus.

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Question 8

5 marks

Explain how the sequence of bases in a gene results in a protein molecule having a specific shape.

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Question 9

4 marks

Chromosomes and the genes they carry are fundamental to the inheritance of characteristics and the synthesis of proteins in all living organisms.

(a) State the name of the chemical that makes up a chromosome.
(b) Define the term gene.
(c) Explain the difference between a haploid nucleus and a diploid nucleus, and state the number of chromosomes found in a human diploid cell.

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Question 10

5 marks

DNA molecules carry the genetic code necessary for the synthesis of proteins, which determine the structural and functional characteristics of an organism.

(a) State the term used to describe a specific length of DNA that codes for a single protein.
(b) Explain the role of messenger RNA (mRNA) in the process of protein synthesis, including where it is formed and where it travels to within the cell.
(c) Explain why different types of specialized cells, such as a muscle cell and a nerve cell, can have the same set of genes but perform vastly different functions.

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