ATP：練習問題

• a.

  It catalyses the breakdown of ATP, providing energy for immediate use in processes like active transport.

• b.

  It catalyses the condensation of ADP and \(P_i\) during photosynthesis.

• c.

  It facilitates the long-term storage of chemical energy within the mitochondrial matrix.

• d.

  It acts as a structural component of the ribosome to facilitate protein synthesis.

• a.

  The phosphate group is always added to a lipid to form a phospholipid for the cell membrane.

• b.

  The process is catalysed by ATP synthase to ensure maximum energy yield.

• c.

  The addition of the phosphate group can make the phosphorylated compound more reactive by lowering the activation energy for its subsequent reactions.

• d.

  Phosphorylation involves the formation of a hydrogen bond between the phosphate and the target molecule.

• a.

  The rate of condensation reactions between amino acids would increase to compensate for the energy imbalance.

• b.

  The cell would experience a decrease in the rate of active transport and muscle contraction due to a lack of an immediate energy source.

• c.

  The enzyme ATP synthase would begin to function in reverse to hydrolyse ADP into adenosine.

• d.

  The cell would accumulate large amounts of glucose as a secondary immediate energy currency.

• a.

  It occurs primarily in the nucleus to provide energy for the unwinding of the DNA double helix.

• b.

  The reaction results in the formation of adenosine triphosphate from adenosine diphosphate and Pi.

• c.

  The released inorganic phosphate can be used to phosphorylate other compounds, making them more reactive.

• d.

  It is a condensation reaction catalysed by the enzyme ATP synthase to release energy.

• a.It prevents the pH of the cytoplasm from decreasing by removing free \(H^+\) ions.
• b.It provides a mechanism for the cell to store excess inorganic phosphate for use during periods of starvation.
• c.It can make the phosphorylated compound more reactive by lowering the activation energy for subsequent reactions.
• d.It allows for the synthesis of more ATP from adenosine monophosphate (AMP) in a single step.

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まず自分で答えを書いてから、解説と照らし合わせましょう。

まず自分で答えを書いてから、解説と照らし合わせましょう。