Internal hardware components of a computer：練習問題

Which of the following best describes the function of the Memory Buffer Register (MBR)?

What is the primary difference between the von Neumann and Harvard architectures?

Why must the volatile environment of a processor be saved when an interrupt occurs?

Which of the following internal computer components is responsible for managing the flow of data between the CPU and external devices by translating data formats?

In the context of the Fetch-Execute cycle, what happens immediately after the instruction is loaded into the Current Instruction Register (CIR)?

Explain the primary difference between the address bus and the data bus regarding the direction of signal flow.

Describe the specific role of the Current Instruction Register (CIR) within the processor during the decode stage of the Fetch-Execute cycle.

Explain how an Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) is triggered and why the processor must save the current volatile environment before executing it.

Consider the internal hardware of a computer processor following the Von Neumann architecture.

(a) Describe the specific role of the Status Register. (2 points)
(b) Explain the difference between immediate addressing and direct addressing. (2 points)
(c) When an interrupt occurs, why must the processor save its volatile environment? (2 points)

Compare the use of Harvard architecture and von Neumann architecture in modern computing. Specifically, identify one environment where Harvard architecture is preferred and explain why.