Farm water supplies：練習問題

In a farm water supply system, what is the primary purpose of the settling tank during the water treatment process?

When designing a farm storage dam to ensure structural integrity, why is the width of the dam wall increased towards the base, and which sequence represents the correct order for the basic physical treatment of raw water before it enters a storage tank for human consumption?

The diagram shows a cross-section of a farm storage dam. Why is the dam wall designed to be wider at the base than at the top?

State two common sources of water on a farm that are suitable for livestock consumption.

Explain why the base of a farm storage dam is constructed much wider than the top, and describe how the process of filtration improves the quality of water for farm use.

Calculate the total water pressure exerted at the base of a storage dam if the water depth is \( 5 \) meters, given that pressure increases by approximately \( 10 \text{ kPa} \) for every \( 1 \text{ meter} \) of depth. How does this affect dam construction?

A farmer is planning to install a water distribution system using plastic pipes to supply water from a storage tank to several livestock troughs.

(a) List two advantages of using plastic pipes for farm water distribution.
(b) Describe the steps a farmer should take to replace a leaking tap washer in a distribution system.

A farmer constructs a large storage dam to ensure a year-round water supply for irrigation.

(a) Explain why the base of the dam wall must be significantly wider than the top.
(b) Use the concept of water pressure to justify your answer in part (a).
(c) State one method the farmer can use to prevent the dam from overflowing during heavy rains.