Diseases：練習問題

Which of the following is considered a non-specific defence mechanism of the human body against pathogens?

A doctor prescribes a full course of antibiotics to a patient with a bacterial infection. Why is it essential for the patient to complete the entire course even if symptoms disappear early?

A community experiences an outbreak of a water-borne disease. Which of the following public health measures would be most effective in preventing further widespread transmission within the population?

Antibiotics are a class of drugs specifically designed to treat infections caused by which type of pathogen?

During a non-specific inflammatory response at the site of an injury, local capillaries become more permeable. What is the significance of this process in defending the body?

Identify two non-specific defence mechanisms of the human body that prevent pathogens from entering the internal environment.

Distinguish between active immunity and passive immunity, providing one example for each.

Explain why Type I diabetes is classified as an autoimmune disease and how its biological cause differs from that of Type II diabetes.

Maintaining proper personal hygiene is a fundamental strategy in preventing the spread of infectious diseases within a community.

(a) Explain why infectious diseases are more likely to spread rapidly in environments or communities where personal hygiene practices are generally poor.

(b) Describe two distinct personal hygiene practices that effectively break different routes of infectious disease transmission. For each practice, briefly explain the specific mechanism by which it prevents disease transmission.

Vaccination is a crucial public health strategy for controlling infectious diseases.

(a) Briefly explain the biological principle behind how vaccination provides protection against infectious diseases.

(b) After vaccination, if an individual is later exposed to the actual pathogen, their body will mount a secondary immune response. State two key differences between this secondary immune response and a primary immune response in terms of its characteristics.