Hormonal control of reproductive cycle ：練習問題

What is the effect of high concentrations of progesterone on the secretion of FSH and LH from the pituitary gland?

Which of the following hormonal events directly leads to ovulation during the human menstrual cycle?

A woman has a rare hormonal condition where her anterior pituitary gland consistently fails to respond to high concentrations of oestrogen, although it still responds normally to low and moderate concentrations of the hormone. Which of the following best describes the most likely impact on her reproductive cycle?

What is the primary function of progesterone in the latter half of the menstrual cycle, after ovulation?

In the human menstrual cycle, which of the following best explains why the secretion of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is inhibited during the luteal phase?

Which hormone is primarily responsible for the development and maturation of ovarian follicles during the early phase of the menstrual cycle?

In certain infertility treatments, a drug that acts as a GnRH antagonist is administered. Explain how this drug prevents the occurrence of a spontaneous 'LH surge' and why this is useful during controlled ovarian stimulation.

In certain infertility treatments, a drug is used to stimulate an LH surge artificially. Explain why the timing of this administration is critical relative to the development of the follicle and the status of the uterine lining.

The menstrual cycle in human females involves a series of coordinated changes in the ovaries and the uterus, primarily regulated by hormones. If fertilization does not occur, the cycle typically concludes with menstruation.

(a) Describe the key changes that occur in the uterine lining during the follicular phase and the luteal phase of a typical menstrual cycle when pregnancy does not occur. (2 marks)

(b) Explain the roles of oestrogen and progesterone in regulating the changes in the uterine lining described in part (a). (2 marks)

Oestrogen is unique in the reproductive cycle because its effect on the pituitary gland changes depending on its concentration and the timing within the cycle.

(a) Describe the physiological effect of oestrogen on the uterine lining between Day 5 and Day 13. (2 marks)

(b) Explain how the high peak of oestrogen concentration reached around Day 13 results in a different hormonal response compared to the lower levels earlier in the cycle. (2 marks)