Typhoons, droughts：練習問題

What is a common primary impact on coastal areas when a severe typhoon makes landfall?

In North China, which human activity has historically exacerbated drought conditions by increasing water demand?

The South-to-North Water Transfer Project in China aims to alleviate water scarcity in the North. What is a significant long-term ecological concern associated with such large-scale inter-basin water transfer schemes?

Which type of drought is primarily characterized by a prolonged period of below-average precipitation?

The Coriolis effect plays a crucial role in the formation of typhoons. Where on Earth is the Coriolis effect weakest or absent, thus preventing typhoon formation?

State one common environmental consequence of prolonged agricultural drought.

Explain why typhoons typically weaken rapidly once they make landfall.

Assess how a region experiencing a severe meteorological drought might face exacerbated impacts from the heavy rainfall associated with a subsequent typhoon landfall.

Typhoons and droughts are two distinct natural hazards that pose significant challenges globally, yet their impacts and the effectiveness of management strategies often vary considerably between regions.

(a) Compare and contrast the primary physical characteristics that define a severe typhoon and a prolonged meteorological drought, highlighting their distinct formation processes. (4 points)

(b) Evaluate the extent to which socio-economic development influences a region's vulnerability to these hazards and its capacity to implement effective mitigation and adaptation measures. Illustrate your answer with examples for both typhoons and droughts. (6 points)