Drainage and irrigation：练习题

Which type of soil water moves downwards through the soil due to the force of gravity and is removed by agricultural drainage systems?

Why does poor drainage often lead to reduced crop growth and the death of beneficial soil organisms?

What is a primary reason for a farmer to install a drainage system in a field?

Which statement correctly describes a primary benefit of using a drip irrigation system compared to overhead sprinkler irrigation?

Explain why poor drainage in a field typically leads to a decrease in the rate of root respiration for most farm crops.

Water management is critical for preventing crop failure in different climates.
(a) Describe how gravitational water moves through the soil and explain how the construction of ditches helps manage waterlogged fields. (2 points)
(b) Explain the effect of poor soil drainage on the respiration of plant roots. (2 points)
(c) Define the term leaching and state one negative effect it has on soil quality. (1 point)