The main components of computer systems：练习题

Which internal hardware component is responsible for providing the physical connection for all other computer components to communicate with each other?

What is the primary role of the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?

When a sensor is used to measure temperature in a microprocessor-controlled greenhouse, why is an Analogue to Digital Converter (ADC) required?

Which internal hardware component is essential for a computer to connect to a Local Area Network (LAN) and communicate with other devices over a wired or wireless connection?

Which of the following is a characteristic of Read-Only Memory (ROM) compared to Random Access Memory (RAM)?

Identify the specific roles of a Network Interface Card (NIC) and a sound card within a motherboard's internal architecture.

Explain the concept of data persistence by comparing the behavior of a Random Access Memory (RAM) chip and a Read-Only Memory (ROM) chip when a computer is suddenly powered off.

Explain the difference between system software and applications software, providing one example of each.

Computer systems are composed of various hardware components that perform specific functions to ensure the system operates correctly.

(a) Identify the two main types of internal memory found within a computer system. [2]
(b) State the role of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) when a user enters instructions into a computer. [1]
(c) Explain the difference between an input device and an output device, providing one specific example for each. [3]

A specialized workstation is being built for high-end video editing and gaming.

(a) Explain the specific role of a graphics card in this system and why it is necessary even if the CPU has integrated graphics.
(b) Describe the function of a sound card when converting digital data into an output that can be heard through speakers.