Hydroxy compounds：练习题

An organic compound X has the molecular formula \( C_3H_8O \). When X is heated under reflux with acidified potassium dichromate(VI), the solution changes from orange to green and a carboxylic acid is formed.

What is the identity of X?

Which compound will produce a yellow precipitate when reacted with alkaline aqueous iodine?

An organic molecule Z contains the \(CH_3CH(OH)-\) group. When Z is heated with concentrated \(H_2SO_4\), it forms an alkene that can exist as a pair of geometrical (cis/trans) isomers.

Which alcohol is Z?

When an alcohol is reacted with sodium metal, a gas is evolved. What is the identity of this gas?

The dehydration of butan-2-ol using concentrated sulfuric acid at \( 170^\circ C \) can produce a mixture of alkenes.

How many structural isomers (excluding stereoisomers) are formed in this reaction?

Identify the observations and the organic product formed when propan-2-ol is heated with acidified potassium dichromate(VI) under distillation conditions.

A student has three isomeric alcohols with the molecular formula \( C_4H_{10}O \): butan-1-ol, butan-2-ol, and 2-methylpropan-2-ol.

Describe how the student can use a single reagent and specific reaction conditions to distinguish the tertiary alcohol from the other two, and state the expected observation for each.

Compound X is a secondary alcohol with the molecular formula \(C_{3}H_{8}O\).
(a) Draw the displayed formula of Compound X.
(b) Compound X reacts with acidified potassium dichromate(VI) under distillation. State the name of the organic product formed and the color change observed in the reagent.
(c) When Compound X is reacted with alkaline aqueous iodine, a yellow precipitate is formed. Name the precipitate and write the formula of the organic anion produced.