技能遷移：练习题

• a.

  Retroactive transfer; occurs because the new netball skill is interfering with the old basketball skill.

• b.

  Negative transfer; occurs because the stimulus is similar but the required response is different.

• c.

  Proactive transfer; occurs because a previously learned skill is influencing a new skill.

• d.

  Bilateral transfer; occurs because the player is using the same muscle groups for both sports.

• a.

  A basketball player using their knowledge of zone defense to help them understand netball tactics.

• b.

  A tennis player finding that their serve improves their overarm bowling technique in cricket.

• c.

  A gymnast struggling to learn a new vault because of a previous injury that limits their range of motion.

• d.

  A footballer learning to take a corner with their non-dominant foot by transferring the motor program from their dominant limb.

• a.By providing only intrinsic feedback so the performer can figure out the technical adjustments through trial and error.
• b.By ensuring the performer understands the specific differences in technique and avoiding practicing both skills in the same session.
• c.By encouraging the performer to focus only on the similarities to maximize the use of existing motor programs.
• d.By using massed practice for both skills to ensure that the new movement pattern becomes autonomous as quickly as possible.

• a.

  Retroactive transfer; occurs because the new skill of the tennis forehand is interfering with the previously learned table tennis skill.

• b.

  Proactive transfer; occurs because the player is using their previous knowledge of table tennis to help learn the new tennis skill.

• c.

  Negative transfer; occurs because the stimulus is similar but the required response is different, leading to confusion.

• d.

  Bilateral transfer; occurs because the player is attempting to transfer the motor program from a smaller racket to a larger one.

• a.

  Proactive transfer occurs when a previously learned skill influences a new skill, whereas retroactive transfer occurs when a new skill influences a previously learned one.

• b.

  Proactive transfer only occurs in the autonomous stage of learning, whereas retroactive transfer is common in the cognitive stage.

• c.

  Proactive transfer refers to positive influences on learning, while retroactive transfer refers specifically to negative interference from past skills.

• d.

  Proactive transfer is the movement of a skill from the dominant to the non-dominant limb, while retroactive transfer is the reverse.

先自己写一遍答案，再对照解题步骤。

先自己写一遍答案，再对照解题步骤。