Prevention of Sports Injuries：練習問題

In the prevention of sports injuries, what is the main reason for performing a warm-up before participating in vigorous physical activity?

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of a stress fracture that distinguishes it from an acute fracture?

When selecting protective headgear for contact sports, which physical principle is primarily utilized to reduce the risk of traumatic brain injury (TBI) upon impact?
(Note: Let \( F \) be force, \( t \) be time, and \( Δp \) be change in momentum)

Which of the following is the primary physiological mechanism by which a proper warm-up reduces the risk of muscle strain injuries?

In the management of soft tissue injuries, the "POLICE" principle has largely replaced the "PRICE" principle. Why is "Optimal Loading" (the "OL" in POLICE) preferred over total "Rest" in the early stages of rehabilitation?

Why is dynamic stretching generally preferred over static stretching during a warm-up session intended to prevent injuries in explosive sports like sprinting?

Briefly explain the purpose of the Rest and Ice components within the PRICE principle for acute injury management.

Besides protecting the teeth from direct impact, explain one way a properly fitted mouthguard helps prevent more serious head or neck injuries in contact sports.

A group of students is planning a football match on a rainy day.
(a) State two environmental factors (extrinsic factors) that might increase the risk of injury in this situation. (2 points)
(b) Suggest two pieces of personal protective equipment (PPE) specific to football and explain how each prevents injury. (2 points)

During an outdoor marathon in Hong Kong, the temperature is \(31^{\circ}C\) and the relative humidity is \(90\%\).
(a) Explain, using physiological principles, why high humidity increases the risk of hyperthermia even if the ambient temperature is not extremely high. (3 points)
(b) Outline a hydration protocol (including pre-exercise, during exercise, and post-exercise) that an athlete should follow to prevent heat exhaustion in these conditions. (3 points)
(c) Explain why heat acclimatization is a crucial prevention strategy for athletes traveling from a cold climate to compete in a hot and humid environment. (2 points)