超棒复习笔记:一起认识连词与连接副词!
各位超级小学生,你好!
你们有没有玩过LEGO积木,组装过一些东西呢?是不是要用到一些小小的“连接件”才能将它们黏实,组装在一起呢?在英语中,我们也有一些很特别的字,可以将我们的意思和句子“黏”在一起。在语法上,我们称它们为连词(conjunctions)和连接副词(linking adverbs)(有时亦称为 linking words 或 connectives)!
在这份笔记中,我们会学如何用这些很神奇的“词语胶水”,来构建出结构严谨的并列复合句(compound sentences)和主从复合句(complex sentences)。
并列连词:用“And”、“But”和“So”连接意思
并列连词(Co-ordinating conjunctions)可以将两个同等重要且独立的主句或意思连接起来,组成一个并列复合句。
1. 用“And”补充资料
And 用来连接两个相似的意思,或者补充额外的资料。
- I like apples. I like bananas.
变成了...
- I like apples and bananas.
- Tom is tall and strong.
2. 用“But”表达相反意思
But 通常放在句子中间,用来连接两个形成对比或相反的意思。
- I want to play outside, but it is raining.
- She is small, but she is very strong.
3. 用“So”表达结果
So 将一个动作与其结果或后果连接起来。
- It was very sunny, so we went to the beach.
- I was hungry, so I ate a sandwich.
重点摘要
And、but 和 so 是并列连词,用来连接句子中地位对等的部分。
从属连词:“Because”、“Although”、“So That”和“Even If”
从属连词(Subordinating conjunctions)用来将主句(main clause)与从句(subordinate clause,即提供原因、条件或目的等额外资料的从句)连接起来。
1. 用“Because”解释“为什么”
Because 用来带出事情发生的原因或理由。
- I am happy because it's my birthday!
- I brought an umbrella because it looked like rain.
2. 用“Although”表达出乎意料的转折
Although 用来带出令人意想不到的对比。它可以放在句中或句首。当它放在句首时,前面的从句结尾记得要加上逗号!
- Although he was tired, he finished his homework.(放在句首的从句后加上逗号)
- We had fun at the picnic, although the weather was not great.
3. 用“So That”表达目的
So that 用来解释做某个动作的目标或目的(这与表达结果的 so 是不同的喔)。
- I saved my pocket money so that I could buy a new toy.(目的)
- Please be quiet so that the baby can sleep.
4. 用“Even If”设定强烈的条件
Even if 表示无论出现什么情况或条件,结果都一定会发生。当放在句首时,记得在该从句后加上逗号!
- Even if it rains, we are still going to the football match.
- He wouldn't eat the broccoli, even if you covered it in chocolate!
标点小贴士
当从属连词放在句首时(例如以 Although... 或 Even if... 开头),请在该开头从句的末尾加上逗号。
连接副词:“However”和“Therefore”
However 和 Therefore 并不是连词;它们是连接副词(衔接词 cohesive devices)。它们用来连接两个独立完整的句子,后面通常会紧跟着一个逗号。
1. 用“However”表达强烈的转折对比
However 是一种较为正式的用法,用来在两个完整句子之间表示对比。
- It was very cold. However, we still went swimming.
2. 用“Therefore”表达正式的结果
Therefore 用来在句子之间带出正式的结论或结果。
- He studied very hard. Therefore, he got a good grade on the test.
总结图表
并列连词: and(补充/递进)、but(对比/转折)、so(结果)
从属连词: because(原因)、although(让步/转折)、so that(目的)、even if(条件)
连接副词: However,(转折)、Therefore,(结果)